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EarthWINS Daily #4.12
2/22/99

Date: Mon, 22 Feb 1999 17:53:04 -0800 (PST)
From: Alice McCombs <amccombs@igc.apc.org>

Contents

1. WISCONSIN: Walt Bresette Passes On
2. JAKARTA: Irianese Oppose PT Freeport's expansil plan
3. JAKARTA: Jakarta may seek more royalties
4. INDONESIA: Freeport obtains Indonesian approval to expand world's
largest gold mine
5. GUYANA: Wildcat Miners Polluting Many Rivers
6. CHICAGO: Midwest Regional Conference on Corporations and Education

Stop the Siege!
Help the citizens of Nashville, Wisconsin
Tax-deductible contributions may be made to
Town of Nashville Legal Defense Fund
c/o Chuck Sleeter / Joanne Tacopina
P.O. Box 106
Pickerel, WI 54465

FAX: 715-478-2527
http://www.nashvillewiundersiege.com/index.html
Help@nashvillewiundersiege.com

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

1. WISCONSIN: Walt Bresette Passes On

For Immediate Release
February 21, 1999

***Please circulate to media***

WALT BRESETTE PASSES ON

"He was like the north star," a friend says, " He held up the sky over
northern Wisconsin and the people followed him."

Walt Bresette, an Anishinabe peace and justice advocate died this morning
Feb. 21 from a heart attack while he was visiting some friends in Duluth. A
member of the Loon Clan, the 51-year-old Red Cliff Chippewa defended
treaty rights and fought to prevent metallic sulfide mining, and to prevent
acid from a mining operation being shipped across northern Wisconsin.

Bresette was a US Army veteran. He was a co-founder of the
Witness for Nonviolence, Midwest Treaty Network,
Anishinaabe Niijii, Lake Superior Greens, Wisconsin Greens,
and was an inspiration to many others.

He was an elegant speaker and writer. Walt Bresette along with Rick Whaley
wrote "Walleye Warriors: An Effective Alliance Against Racism and for the
Earth" The book tells the story about the interracial alliance that rose
up in the 1980s at Wisconsin boat landings to protect Chippewa
spearfishing, sovereignty, the land, and the water.

Walter and his wife Cass Joy ran a native crafts and art business the Buffalo
Bay Trading Company on the Red Cliff Chippewa Reservation until a few
years ago. Their children are Claudia, Katie, and Robin.

At a meeting in Tampa, Florida during the 1980s, Walt
received a special gift. The gift came from an alert and agile old woman.
It was the war club belonging to the Sauk leader Black Hawk who more
than a hundred and fifty years ago fought the US Army trying to move him
and his people from their homeland.

Walt Bresette carried Blawk Hawk's war club to the ceremonies, to the boat
landings, to the mining protests, and to the schools and churches until
his death Sunday morning.

Sandy Lyon
water@spacestar.net
715-766-2725

THE WAKE WILL BE **WEDNESDAY**
at 7 pm at the Elder Center. Take
Hwy. 13 north from Bayfield. Across
from the casino, take a gentle right
onto Blueberry Road. Go about a mile
to Butterfield Road (the 2nd road),
take a right and go a couple of blocks.

The funeral will be on THURSDAY
at 10:30 am at the Holy Family Catholic
Church in BAYFIELD. Going north
on Hwy. 13, instead of taking a
right into downtown, go straight up
the hill one block, take a right to the
fire station, and then a left 2-3 blocks.
The address is 232 North First Street.

The wake will still be on WEDNESDAY,
starting at 5 pm (not 7 pm) at the Elderly
Center in RED CLIFF. Take Hwy. 13 north
from Bayfield. Across from the casino,
take a gentle right onto Blueberry Road.
Go about a mile to Butterfield Road (the 2nd
road), take a right and go a couple of blocks.

For updates, call the Midwest Treaty Network
Hotline toll-free at 800-445-8615, or log on
http://www.alphacdc.com/treaty/content.html

***PLEASE GET THE WORD OUT TO
E-MAIL LISTS, AND TO PEOPLE YOU
HAVE CONTACTED WHO DO NOT
HAVE E-MAIL. ***

A memorial fund is being established.
More information to follow.

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

2. JAKARTA: Irianese Oppose PT Freeport's expansil plan

Topic 1590 JP: Irianese oppose PT Freeport's e
plovers reg.westpapua 3:15 AM Feb 22, 1999
(at gn.apc.org)

Received from Joyo

Jakarta Post
Monday, February 22, 1999

*Irianese oppose PT Freeport's expansion plan

JAKARTA (JP): Irianese tribal groups living near PT Freeport Indonesia's
Grasberg copper and gold mine are not letting up in their opposition to the
mining company's plan to increase production.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

Tribal representatives urged the government on Friday to reject the expansion
plan because they believed it would cause intolerable ecological damage. They
contended thc firm was unable to protect the environment even at lower
production levels.

"What will happen if they raise ore output to 300 000 tons per day when they
still fail to protect the environment with the current production level?"
Matias, chief of the Ekari tribe, told visiting State Minister of Environment
Panangian Siregar and several members of the House of Representatives'
Commission V for mines and energy, environment, industry and trade, manpower
and cooperatives.

The minister and the legislative delegation headed by Sunardjo visited Timika
on Thursday through Friday to gauge local tribe members' opinions on the plan.

They were accompanied by Irian Jaya's vice governor Bram O. Atururi and
Freeport's vice president Agus Kafiar during the meeting with chiefs of the
Moni, Nduga, Dani, Ekari and Damal tribes.

The subsidiary of U.S.-mining company Freeport McMoRan Copper & Gold is
Licensed to produce 160,000 tpd of ore, but is currently producing above
200,000 tpd as part of its trial operation to reach the 300 000 tpd goal.

"Those of us living in the highlands arc still lucky. How about those living
in the lowlands?" Matias was quoted by Antara as saying.

He alleged that several members of the lowland Komoro tribe became ill after
consuming fish taken from Freeport's tailing.

There was no explanation concerning the absence of the Amungme and Kamoro the
largest tribes around Grasberg who are lowland dwellers.

Amungme's chieftain Tom Beanal told The Jakarta Post late last month that life
in the area was "hellish" under current production conditions and he opposed
any expansion.

Matias modestly advised the minister and House members to consult with
"knowledgeable people" on the plan instead o~ the "ignorant" local people.

Freeport recently agreed to raise royalties to the government in return for
the license for its expansion.

It agreed to double its copper royalties from between 1.5 percent and 3.5
percent to between 3 percent and 7 percent. It also agreed to triple its gold
and silver royalties from 1 percent to 3 percent of sales.

The royalty scheme will be backdated to Jan. 1, 1999, but it only takes effect
if Freeport's ore output exceeds 200,000 tpd.

Minister of Mines and Energy Kuntoro Mangkusbroto ear1ier said the ministry
would not issue the expansion license until negotiations were completed with
the company on protecting the environment.

Catholic priest Yustinus Rahangiar, who was also present at thc meeting on
Friday said the expansion would provide larger earnings to the government, but
cautioned it was no guarantee of betterment of the tribes' welfare.

Moni's chief Lazarus Somonaung accused Freeport of failing to fulfill the
promise it made 30 years ago to increase the welfare of the tribal people.

"Please, look back to the agreement made by the company 30 years ago," he
said.

Duga's chief was concerned by the prevalence of alcohol in the area, which he
blamed on the firm.

"Freeport should stop distributing alcohol here since it makes tribes fight
against each other. "

Freeport's data show Irian Jaya received an average of US$27.6 million per
year in royalties from the company between 1995 and 1997. The amount accounted
for about 70 percent of the province's domestic income. (jsk)

**************************************************
Paul Barber
TAPOL, the Indonesia Human Rights Campaign,
25 Plovers Way, Alton Hampshire GU34 2JJ
Tel/Fax: 1420 80153
Email: plovers@gn.apc.org
Internet: www.gn.apc.org/tapol
Defending victims of oppression in Indonesia,
East Timor, West Papua and Aceh, 1973-1998

25 Years...and still going strong!

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

3. JAKARTA: Jakarta may seek more royalties

plovers reg.westpapua 12:21 PM Feb 20, 1999
(at gn.apc.org)

Received from Joyo

*Jakarta may seek more royalties from Freeport's giant Irian Jaya mine

JAKARTA, Feb 20 (AFP) - After winning larger royalties from the gold, silver
and copper output of US mining giant Freeport McMoRan Gold and Copper Inc.,
the Indonesian government may now seek royalties from the mine's other side
products, a report said Saturday.

"If it is proved that the state is being disadvantaged, we will claim it,"
Mines and Energy Kuntoro Mangkusubroto was quoted by the Antara news agency as
saying.

Kuntoro was speaking at a House commission hearing, commenting on MPs'
suspicions the state was losing money because Freeport Indonesia, the
subsidiary of the US mining giant, was not paying royalties for its output
of side minerals its giant Irian Jaya mine.

The commission's deputy, Lili Asjudireja was quoted by the agency as saying
Freeport was also producing sulphur and iron.

Asjudireja said the allegation was contained in a report issued six months ago
by the directorate general of taxation.

Freeport last week agreed to raise the royalties it pays the Indonesian
government in return for higher gold, copper and silver ouput in excess of
200,000 tonnes per day.

Under the agreement effective January 1, 1999, Freeport will double the
royalties for copper produced over the 200,000 tonnes per day level while
those for gold and silver would be trippled from the current rate.

Kuntoro said the government would first have to determine whether the by-
products had economic value.

"I have already heard, since I was still director general for general mining,
that there are by-products such as iron and sulphur but they could not be
economically separated as concentrate," Kuntoro said.

In its report to the government, Freeport said the residue from its gold,
silver and copper output had no economic value, Antara said.

PT Freeport Indonesia has been seeking to increase its copper ore, gold and
silver output from its mine in remote Irian Jaya province from the current
160,000 tonnes to 300,000 tonnes per day.

PT Freeport Indonesia is 81.28 percent owned by Freeport McMoRan, 9.26 percent
by the Indonesian government with the rest held by PT Indocopper Investama
Corporation.

Indocopper's largest shareholder, with 50.48 percent, is Nusamba Mineral, a
firm controlled by former Indonesian president Suharto's close associate,
Mohamad "Bob" Hasan.

25 Years...and still going strong!

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

4. INDONESIA: Freeport obtains Indonesian approval to expand world's
largest gold mine

From http://www.wsws.org/articles/1999/feb1999/free-f20.shtml

By Mike Head
20 February 1999

After a year-long saga, the Habibie government in Indonesia has given the
US mining company Freeport McMoRan approval
to almost double production at the Grassberg copper, silver and copper
operation in West Papua (Irian Jaya). With reserves
valued at $40 billion, the Freeport project is the largest single gold
deposit in the world and the third largest open-cut copper
mine.

Mines and Energy Minister Kuntoro Mangkusubroto announced the decision,
which is retrospective to the start of the year, on
Monday. Some four weeks earlier, Freeport's chief executive James Moffett
held a private meeting with President B. J.
Habibie to discuss his difficulties in getting the expansion approved since
ex-president Suharto personally endorsed it last year.

Both the announcement and the tense manoeuvres that preceded it provide an
insight into the uneasy relations between the
Habibie regime and the Western powers and multinationals, in the wake of
Suharto's fall. Freeport is a classic Suharto-period
development. The Louisiana-based company operates the mine in partnership
with the British and Australian mining
conglomerate Rio Tinto, which holds a 12 percent stake, and the Jakarta
regime itself, which has 20 percent.

Freeport had a special place under the Suharto dictatorship. In April 1967
it became the first foreign company granted an
operating permit following the 1965-66 US-backed coup that installed
General Suharto. Former US Secretary of State Henry
Kissinger is credited with having arranged Moffett's introduction to
Suharto. Today Kissinger sits on Freeport's board,
earning $500,000 a year, and Freeport also retains his law firm, Kissinger
and Associates, for a reputed $200,000 a year.

Under the Contract of Work signed in 1967, Freeport was given rights over
100,000 hectares on the traditional land of the
Amaungme and Komoro people in the southern part of West Papua. Despite
strong protests, the rights of the local people were
denied and their interests were trampled on. Since then, some 2,000
villagers have been forcibly removed to concentration
camps to make way for mining, waste dumping and the construction of
townships, roads, airfields and military posts.

In return for giving the Suharto family and its associates a share in the
considerable profits generated by the mine--$208 million
in 1997--Freeport obtained generous tax concessions and virtual free reign
over the tracts of land it mined, occupied and
polluted. Special units of the Indonesian military have guarded its operations.

When the mine first began in 1973, its output was limited. By 1978 it was
7,500 tonnes of ore a day. The latest decision will
allow the company to lift production to 300,000 tonnes of ore a day from
160,000 tonnes, with further devastating
consequences for the local people and the region's environment.

Suharto reportedly approved the expansion with a handwritten note on a
letter during a private audience with Moffett in 1997.
The company subsequently obtained all the necessary formal approvals but
after Suharto's resignation had difficulty in getting
a final sign-off from the key minister, Kuntoro, who faced objections
within the Indonesian ruling elite over the corrupt
concessions given to Freeport and the benefits afforded to Suharto and his
associates.

Last September a report was presented to the Indonesian national assembly
(DPR) by a Commission VIII, consisting of
members of the government-controlled parliament. They urged approval of the
expansion, while warning that an "explosive"
situation existed in the mining area because of the poverty of the local
people and the damage done by the mine to their hunting
and farming lands. They admitted that the local peoples' welfare had not
improved, despite the earmarking of 1 percent of
Freeport's revenues (about $2 billion in 1997) to a government fund for
community and regional development, starting from
1996.

The report recommended even greater military security for the expanded mine
and concluded: "Any disturbances and barriers
experienced by PTFI (PT Freeport Indonesia) can be interpreted by the world
that investment in the region is unsafe,
preventing foreigners from investing in the region. This will not benefit
the interests of both the nation nor the region. As such,
the existence of the PFTI must be maintained and secured, and its benefits
made use of to support the Regional Government in
developing the region."

Still no go-ahead came from Kuntoro. Moffett tried to break through the
seeming impasse last month by going back to his old
style of dealings with Jakarta. He sought, and obtained, a meeting with
Habibie, who was apparently willing to oblige.
Habibie signed a letter the very same day telling his ministers to help
Freeport. The Indonesian President was not able to
deliver the deal without further complication, however. Kuntoro observed
sarcastically later that everybody could meet the
President but "we of course have procedure and clear rules".

In the Freeport affair and other controversial cases, such as Caltex's bid
to keep pumping oil from central Sumatra, Kuntoro
has been attempting to balance between conflicting interests. First, he has
endeavoured to appease international investors. They
want secure super-profits without having to make deals with Jakarta
cronies, yet also oppose the cancellation of previous
Suharto-period contracts because of the precedents that might be set for
the abrogation of contracts in the future.

At the same time, Kuntoro faces pressure from nationalist business elements
who were excluded from the old crony relations,
as well demands from regional and local power brokers in the resource-rich
provinces for a greater share of the proceeds from
mining operations. If these regional interests are not accommodated, the
Indonesian capitalists fear the emergence of
secessionist groups in resource-rich areas, like those in East Timor and
Aceh, possibly seeking their own deals with
transnationals.

In the end, Kuntoro declared that the Freeport expansion can proceed, but
on two conditions. The first is a doubling of the
royalties paid to the government. For copper, the new rate will be 3 - 7
percent, compared with the existing 1.5 - 3 percent,
depending on the price. For gold and silver, the increase is slightly
greater--to 3 - 9 percent from 1 - 3 percent. This forms part
of a plan to allocate more royalty revenue--perhaps 80 percent--to
provincial and local governments in mining areas.

The second condition is that Freeport meet certain environmental standards.
This has nothing to do with any genuine bid to halt
the company's pollution, which has ravaged the local land and rivers for 30
years. Throughout that period, the environmental
requirements have been non-existent or token. Any new rules will remain a
formality, except if they can be used as a pretext
for future demands for changes to the financial carve-up of Freeport's profits.

It is obvious that Freeport's expansion will magnify the mine's
environmental impact. Nearly all the 300,000 tonnes of ore to
be crushed and processed each day will be dumped as waste tailings in the
Ajkwa River. Of the ore mined at Grassberg only
about 1 percent is removed as copper metal and 0.42 parts per million as
gold. Over the past three decades, the waste residues
have already choked the river, causing it to breach its banks and flood as
much as 50 square kilometres of productive land. By
Freeport's estimates, the future flooding will extend over 130 square
kilometres.

The tailings have also rendered the river's water unfit to drink or use.
Exposed to the weather, the tailings leach sulphuric acid,
copper, mercury and arsenic into the river system.

In addition, the overburden from the expanded mine, the earth lying above
the mineral-bearing ore, is to be dumped into two
neighbouring valleys. The ratio of overburden to ore at Grassberg is about
3 to 1. Over the next 40 years an estimated 3 billion
tonnes will be blasted or bulldozed off Grassberg mountain, to form two
giant, crumbling rockpiles, prone to a range of risks,
from leaching acid to subsidence and landslides.

Even greater are the social and health problems created by the mine. It has
led to an influx of people to work in and service the
project, alongside 11,000 transmigrants from Java and Bali, resettled by
the government in nearby areas. Combined with the
forcible removal of mountain villagers to coastal areas, this has led to
high rates of malaria, cholera, tetanus and
sexually-transmitted diseases.

Despite the riches being extracted by Freeport, the infant mortality rate
in West Papua is as high as 200 per 1,000; the maternal
mortality rate is 4.5 per 1,000 in rural districts; over 20 percent of the
people in the central highlands suffer malnutrition; and
women have an average life expectancy of 50.3 years. Health Department
records show that West Papua's central highlands,
with a population of 400,000, has only one hospital with 70 beds, and 15
health centres with a doctor.

Of Freeport's workforce of 17,300, only about 100 are from the immediate
vicinity, all unskilled. Their average wage is about
70 cents ($A) an hour. The Amaungme and Komoro people have no access to the
mine town of Tembagapura for shopping or
medical care. Freeport has built wire fences around the town, segregating
the local Papuans.

Resistance to the mine's operations, including protests and hostage-taking
organised by the Free West Papua (OPM) separatist
movement, have been met with mass arrests, torture, killings, and
disappearances. More than 100 people were killed during
1994 and 1995. The military presence in the area includes an air force
base, a naval base and 1,000 KOPASUS Red Beret
commandos.

West Papua was effectively incorporated into Indonesia in 1962, when the
Kennedy administration in the United States backed
demands by former Indonesian president Sukarno for the Netherlands to quit
its long-held colony. Indonesian rule was ratified
by an undemocratic, UN-orchestrated "Act of Free Choice" in 1969. Today,
the Indonesian capitalist class is desperately
clinging to its control over the territory, with the Freeport mine its
central preoccupation.

See Also:
Eye-witness account of West Papua massacre: Part 1
"People were shot, bleeding and lying on the ground"
[28 November 1998]
http://www.wsws.org/news/1998/nov1998/pap-n28.shtml
Eye-witness account of West Papua massacre: Part 2
"We saw terrible slum-like conditions and a very strong army presence"
[1 December 1998]
http://www.wsws.org/news/1998/dec1998/pap-d01.shtml

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

5. GUYANA: Wildcat Miners Polluting Many Rivers

Topic 483 ENVIRONMENT-GUYANA: Wildcat Miners
newsdesk The Inter Press Service in English 3:09 PM Feb 21, 1999

*** 18-Feb-99 ***

Title: ENVIRONMENT-GUYANA: Wildcat Miners Polluting Many Rivers

By Bert Wilkinson

GEORGETOWN, Feb 18 (IPS) - Environmentalists in Guyana say they
knew that the rivers in the interior were becoming more and more
polluted but still many were not sure of the extent of such
pollution until a commercial pilot flying over the mountainous
area videotaped the scene and sent it to the media.

The footage which captured the discoloured waters apparently
jolted the Geology and Mines Commission into action. It
immediately ordered dozens of miners in the central-west Potaro
Region to discontinue mining for gold.

Now both the Commission and the Guyana Gold and Diamond Miners
Association say they have found the source of the pollution -
illegal gold miners from neighbouring Brazil.

Both organisations say in the last decade the number of wildcat
miners or Garimpeiros as they are known locally and
internationally, in the southwestern Madhia, Monkey mountain and
Kurupung districts has grown from a mere sprinkling to several
thousands.

"The thing with the Brazilians is that they use mercury
indiscriminately compared to us who use less and recycle it in a
confined area. They simply dump the mercury in the sluice boxes as
an amalgam to trap the gold and this leads to serious pollution.

It is something which we have raised time and time with
authorities," says Stanislaus Jardine, President of the Miners
Association.

Health officials say mercury attacks the immune system and causes
deformities in children. Victims of mercury poisoning can suffer
from uncontrolled shaking and muscle wasting.

Using mercury like the gold miners do means it can easily get
into the food chain through marine life.

Jardine says that his association is not against foreigners
working in the gold industry. What they are worried about is that
they are unregulated and not made to play by the rules, be it the
rules of the tax department, the mining commission or the state's
environmental agency which oversees chemical usage

"The involvement of the so-called Garimpeiros in the mining
industry is being examined by the relevant government agencies.
More than mining is involved here and we need a national effort
to deal with this problem," President Janet Jagan told miners at
a recent meeting.

In Guyana these miners have become so bold in recent years that
many now live and are openly selling on the streets of the
capital, Georgetown, nearly 128 kms from their interior bases, in
defiance of the country's laws.

Their Guyanese counterparts have to pay taxes, acquire mining
licences and sell their production to a state-run gold board or
face prosecution.

"What we want is for everybody to play by the same rules and be
regulated. What goes for one, goes for all," says Jardine.

Many of these Garimpeiros have married Guyanese women, including
native Amerindians and have borne children in an effort to gain
legal status. Others simply pay huge bribes to locals to register
equipment and obtain licences.

The military had staged an extensive exercise in 1993 to flush
out a group of illegal miners. This occurred after army planes
discovered at least two previously unknown airstrips and several
mining camps in the area.

A magistrate later ordered the return of seized mining equipment
and light aircraft to the Brazilians, slapping them with small
fines. Officials say the whole thing ended up being quite a
useless exercise.

Almost every country on the South American continent sharing a
border with Brazil has had to contend with these wildcat miners.
French Guiana has had to expel hundreds and so too has Venezuela.

Similar complaints about the Garimpeiros have surfaced in
neighbouring Suriname.

But it is becoming more and more difficult to expel them as
recently they established a union called the Cooperative Group
(COGASUR) and opened an office in downtown Paramaribo, with the
help of Moederbond one of the major labour umbrella bodies in
Suriname.

"COGASUR's goal is to unite all Garimpeiros in Suriname and to
serve their interests and promote development and growth in the
gold industry, " says a statement from the union carried in the
de Ware Tijd newspaper. (END/IPS/bw/cb/99)

Origin: Rome/ENVIRONMENT-GUYANA/
----
Topic 483 ENVIRONMENT-GUYANA: Wildcat Miners

May not be reproduced, reprinted or posted to any system or
service outside of the APC networks, without specific
permission from IPS. This limitation includes distribution
via Usenet News, bulletin board systems, mailing lists,
print media and broadcast. For information about cross-
posting, send a message to <wdesk@ips.org>. For
information about print or broadcast reproduction please
contact the IPS coordinator at <online@ips.org>.

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

6. CHICAGO: Midwest Regional Conference on Corporations and Education

Date: Fri, 19 Feb 1999 15:09:10 -0600
From: Peter E Frase <pefrase@midway.uchicago.edu>
Subject:
Mime-Version: 1.0
Reply-To: pefrase@midway.uchicago.edu
Sender: owner-dti-discuss@envirolink.org
Status:

MIDWEST REGIONAL CONFERENCE ON CORPORATIONS AND EDUCATION

DATE: Saturday March 6
TIME: 10am-7pm
PLACE: University of Chicago

Bringing together activists from Chicago and the Midwest region for a day
of workshops and discussions, skill-sharing and networking, as well as
organizing direct action on campus and beyond. Focuses will be campus and
education-related organizing, as well as ways to resist corporate hegemony
in our everyday lives. Student activists and others encouraged to come.
Details on workshops and speakers TBA.

e-mail: cpa@hotmail.com
phone: (773) 834-4958

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